DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF CAROB (CERATONIA SILIQUA L.) HONEY: COMPARISON WITH FUROSEMIDE

Journal Article

Al-Waili.., Ahmad Al-Ghamdi, Redouan El-Haskoury, Soumaya Zizi1 , Soumaya Touzani, Noori . 2015

• المجلة \ الصحيفة: African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines
• رقم العدد: 4
• رقم الإصدار السنوي: 12
• الصفحات: 128-133

مستخلص المنشور

Honey contains various biological active substances including proteins, free amino acids, enzymes, vitamins, organic acids,
flavonoids, phenolic acids and other phytochemicals (Lee et al., 2012, Je-Ruei et al., 2013). Honey has antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial,
antiparasitic, and antimutagenic properties (Al-Waili et al., 2011). This might explain its wide range of the therapeutic and biological activities.
Honey has been mentioned in Holy Books as remedies for cure. In this regard, honey has been mentioned in the Talmud, the old and new
testaments of the Bible, and the Holy Qur’an as remedies for cure. There is a large chapter (SORA) in Holey Quran named Al Nahl (BEE)) and
part of it says (And thy LORD taught the bee to build its cells in hills, on tree and in men’s habitations, then to eat of all the produces (fruits) of
the earth and find with skill the spacious paths of its LORD, there issues from within their bodies (bellies) a drink of varying colors, wherein is
healing for men, verily in this is a sign for those who give thought).
Honey was found to alleviate renal function during food restriction in rats and protect liver and kidney when used in sheep treated with
CCl4 (Al-Waili et al., 2003, AL-Waili et al., 2006). Honey solution increases total nitrite concentration in different biological fluids collected
from humans, including saliva, plasma, and urine (Al-Waili and Boni 2004). Honey ingestion by normal individuals increases urinary nitrite
excretion, free water clearance, filtered sodium and creatinine clearance. It decreases PGF2 alpha, TXB2 and PGE2. However, artificial honey
decreases urinary nitrite and increases urinary prostaglandins concentration (Al-Waili 2005b). In sheep, we found that intravenous infusion of
various kinds of honey elevated urinary nitric oxide metabolites. In addition, it was found that honey contains various concentrations of nitric
oxide metabolites and intravenous infusion increased plasma and urinary nitric oxide metabolites (Al-Waili 2003).
Honey composition depends highly on the type of flowers utilized by the bees (Wang and Li 2011). A recent study has revealed the
physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of carob honey collected in Moroccan (Smail et al., 2013). Ceratonia siliqua L., the
scientific name of the carob tree, is famous tree in Morocco.