Psy501

 501 نفس .... مناهج البحث وتصميم التجارب ( ثلاث ساعات)  
يشتمل المقرر على دراسة مناهج البحوث المستخدمة في علم النفس  المنهج الوصفي والعيادي التجريبي والوثائقي وخطوات كل منها وصياغة المشكلة واشتقاق الفر

وض
  طرق ووسائل اختبار مدى صحتها وانتقاء الوسائل والأدوات اللازمة للدراسة وتحديد المنهج المناسب للبحث مع إتاحة الفرصة للطلاب للتدريب في

 هذه المجالات.
 
   توصيف مقرر 501 نفس

 
 
 
 العينات وطرق اختيارها
Sampling.pdf
 
 
التقييم:
اختبار فصلي أول             20 درجة
اختبار فصلي ثاني         25 درجة
تلخيص أطروحة        10درجة
عرض التلخيص      5 درجات
اختبار نهائي  40 درجة   
 
الفصل الدراسي .............14هـ  
موعد الاختبار الفصلي الأول   /   /  143هـ
 501نفس
نشاط تلخيص رسالة الماجستير

تعليمات النشاط:

• تختار الطالبة أطروحة ماجستير في التخصصات النفسية بحيث يكون منهج الدراسة فيها: المنهج التجريبي/شبه التجريبي، أو السببي المقارن.

·    يجب أن يكون التلخيص شاملا لجميع أجزاء الرسالة ، مع إبراز أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها الباحث/الباحثة.

·    ينبغي أن يكون التلخيص  في 17-18 صفحة . (مقاس الخط 16 Arabic Simplified)

·    إضافة إلى رؤية نقدية) الايجابيات والسلبيات) في نهاية التلخيص صفحة واحدة.

·    -    تلخيص العناصر المهمة، بدءً من المقدمة وإنهاءً بمناقشة النتائج.

·    -         لا تُنقل الجداول أو الرسوم البيانية أو الأشكال إلى التلخيص.

·    -         يجب ألا يكون التلخيص تكراراً لخلاصة الباحث الأصلي.

·    - تكون الرسالة المختارة حديثة (1420هـ فأحدث ).

·    -تُكتب معلومات كافية عن الرسالة في الصفحة الأولى للتلخيص،

 بما في ذلك عنوان الرسالة، اسم الباحث، الجامعة والكلية..، وتاريخ إجازة الرسالة.

·    إلى جانب التلخيص، تقدم الطالبة عرض مختصر (بوربوينت) عن الرسالة 7-10 شرائح.

·    :               143هـ آخر موعد لتسليم تلخيص الرسالة

 

مصادر المقرر:0
مناهج البحث في العلوم النفسية والتربوية  
د. رجاء أبو علام
 
-----------------
الإحصاء وتصميم التجارب في البحوث النفسية والتربوية والاجتماعية
أ د. زكريا الشربيني
أدوات البحث - ملخص
  http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/DrBinHussein/DocLib2/ResearchTools.pdf
 
Read more: http://www.experiment-resources.com/experimental-research.html#ixzz1m9glpwGX
 
مفاهيم أساسية حول التصميمات التجريبية
  TYPICAL DESIGNS AND FEATURES IN EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

• Pretest-Posttest Design
  Check whether the groups are different before the manipulation starts and the effect of the manipulation. Pretests sometimes influence the effect.
• Control Group
  Control groups are designed to measure research bias and measurement effects, such as the Hawthorne Effect or the Placebo Effect. A control group is a group not receiving the same manipulation as the experimental group.

Experiments frequently have 2 conditions, but rarely more than 3 conditions at the same time.

• Randomized Controlled Trials
  Randomized Sampling, comparison between an Experimental Group and a Control Group and strict control/randomization of all other variables
• Solomon Four-Group Design
  With two control groups and two experimental groups. Half the groups have a pretest and half do not have a pretest. This to test both the effect itself and the effect of the pretest.
• Between Subjects Design
  Grouping Participants to Different Conditions
• Within Subject Design
  Participants Take Part in the Different Conditions - See also: Repeated Measures Design
• Counterbalanced Measures Design
  Testing the effect of the order of treatments when no control group is available/ethical
• Matched Subjects Design
  Matching Participants to Create Similar Experimental- and Control-Groups
• Double-Blind Experiment
  Neither the researcher, nor the participants, know which is the control group. The results can be affected if the researcher or participants know this.
• Bayesian Probability
  Using bayesian probability to "interact" with participants is a more "advanced" experimental design. It can be used for settings were there are many variables which are hard to isolate. The researcher starts with a set of initial beliefs, and tries to adjust them to how participants have responded

PILOT STUDY
It may be wise to first conduct a pilot-study or two before you do the real experiment. This ensures that the experiment measures what it should, and that everything is set up right.
Minor errors, which could potentially destroy the experiment, are often found during this process. With a pilot study, you can get information about errors and problems, and improve the design, before putting a lot of effort into the real experiment.
If the experiments involve humans, a common strategy is to first have a pilot study with someone involved in the research, but not too closely, and then arrange a pilot with a person who resembles the subject(s). Those two different pilots are likely to give the researcher good information about any problems in the experiment.
CONDUCTING THE EXPERIMENT
An experiment is typically carried out by manipulating a variable, called the independent variable, affecting the experimental group. The effect that the researcher is interested in, the dependent variable(s), is measured.
Identifying and controlling non-experimental factors which the researcher does not want to influence the effects, is crucial to drawing a valid conclusion. This is often done by controlling variables, if possible, or randomizing variables to minimize effects that can be traced back to third variables. Researchers only want to measure the effect of the independent variable(s) when conducting an experiment, allowing them to conclude that this was the reason for the effect.
ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS
In quantitative research, the amount of data measured can be enormous. Data not prepared to be analyzed is called "raw data". The raw data is often summarized as something called "output data", which typically consists of one line per subject (or item). A cell of the output data is, for example, an average of an effect in many trials for a subject. The output data is used for statistical analysis, e.g. significance tests, to see if there really is an effect.
The aim of an analysis is to draw a conclusion, together with other observations. The researcher might generalize the results to a wider phenomenon, if there is no indication of confounding variables "polluting" the results.
If the researcher suspects that the effect stems from a different variable than the independent variable, further investigation is needed to gauge the validity of the results. An experiment is often conducted because the scientist wants to know if the independent variable is having any effect upon the dependent variable. Variables correlating are not proof that there is causation.
Experiments are more often of quantitative nature than qualitative nature, although it happens.
 مصادر أخرى
 أمثلة للتصميمات التجريبية
 تصميم تجريبي -بين المجموعات

 
تصميم القياسات المتكررة-داخل المجموعات
مثال:0
ا
 تصميم الأفراد المتناظرين

 
تصميم "سولومون" ذو الأربع مجموعات
THE SOLOMON FOUR GROUP DESIGN EXPLAINED
In the figure, A, A1, B and C are exactly the same as in the standard two group design.

The first two groups of the Solomon four group design are designed and interpreted in exactly the same way as in the pretest-post-test design, and provide the same checks upon randomization.
 
 
 
(موقع الدكتور عبدالعزيز بن حسين 2009 King Saud University© )