Application of deep eutectic solvents and their individual constituentsas surfactants for enhanced oil recovery
Journal Article
Al-Khidir, Khalid Elyas . 2015
Publication Online URL:
Magazine \ Newspaper:
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
Issue Number:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.10.005
Volume Number:
487
Pages:
221 - 231
Publication Abstract:
We investigated the potential use of choline chloride/urea and choline chloride/glycerol deep eutecticsolvents (DESs) and their individual constituents (the salt and the hydrogen bond donor) as surfactantsfor enhanced oil recovery. The interfacial tension (IFT) between Saudi medium crude oil and differentconcentrations of these DESs (and their individual components) in 10 wt% NaCl aqueous solutions weremeasured as a function of temperature. Results showed that the IFT values decreased with the increaseof both the DES concentration and temperature. The effect of adding the salt and the hydrogen bonddonor (HBD) separately, without forming the corresponding DES, on IFT values was also explored. Itwas found that, in most cases, adding the DES or its corresponding constituents separately has the sameeffect on the IFT. Furthermore,1H NMR and different 2D NMR analysis (NOESY and HOESY) were usedto examine the nature of molecular interactions that occur in studied DESs and how water affects theseinteractions. It was found that while the content of water is below 25 wt% the interactions of DES’ com-ponents become weak. However, the addition of 50 wt% water breaks the hydrogen bonding so that nointeractions between the HBD and the salt were observed.
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