Genome-wide identification, phylogeny, and expression of fibroblast growth genes in common carp
Xu, Likun Jiang a,b,c, Songhao Zhang b,c, Chuanju Dong a,b,c, Baohua Chena,b,c, Jingyan Feng a,b,c,Wenzhu Peng a,b,c, Shahid Mahboob d,e, Khalid A. Al-Ghanimd, Peng . 2016
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are a large family of polypeptide growth factors, which are found in organisms
ranging fromnematodes to humans. In vertebrates, a number of FGFs have been shown to play important roles in
developing embryos and adult organisms. Among the vertebrate species, FGFs are highly conserved in both gene
structure and amino-acid sequence. However, studies on teleost FGFs are mainly limited tomodel species, hence
we investigated FGFs in the common carp genome.
We identified 35 FGFs in the common carp genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the FGFs are
highly conserved, though recent gene duplication and gene losses do exist. By examining the copy number of
FGFs in several vertebrate genomes, we found that eight FGFs in common carp have undergone gene duplications,
including FGF6a, FGF6b, FGF7, FGF8b, FGF10a, FGF11b, FGF13a, and FGF18b. The expression patterns of
all FGFs were examined in various tissues, including the blood, brain, gill, heart, intestine, muscle, skin, spleen
and kidney, showing thatmost of the FGFs were ubiquitously expressed, indicating their critical role in common
carp.
To some extent, examination of gene families with detailed phylogenetic or orthology analysis verified the
authenticity and accuracy of assembly and annotation of the recently published common carp whole genome
sequences. Gene families are also considered as a unique source for evolutionary studies. Moreover, the whole
set of common carp FGF gene family provides an important genomic resource for future biochemical, physiological,
and phylogenetic studies on FGFs in teleosts.
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