Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Analyses of the Frizzled Gene Family in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Provide Insights into Gene Expansion from Whole-Genome Duplications
Xu, Chuanju Dong1,2, Likun Jiang1,2, Wenzhu Peng1,2, Jian Xu1, Shahid Mahboob3,4, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim3, Xiaowen Sun1, Peng . 2015
In humans, the frizzled (FZD) gene family encodes 10 homologous proteins that commonly
localize to the plasma membrane. Besides being associated with three main signaling pathways
for cell development, most FZDs have different physiological effects and are major
determinants in the development process of vertebrates and. Here, we identified and annotated
the FZD genes in the whole-genome of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a teleost fish,
and determined their phylogenetic relationships to FZDs in other vertebrates. Our analyses
revealed extensive gene duplications in the common carp that have led to the 26 FZD
genes that we detected in the common carp genome. All 26 FZD genes were assigned
orthology to the 10 FZD genes of on-land vertebrates, with none of genes being specific to
the fish lineage.We postulated that the expansion of the FZD gene family in common carp
was the result of an additional whole genome duplication event and that the FZD gene family
in other teleosts has been lost in their evolution history with the reason that the functions
of genes are redundant and conservation. Through the expression profiling of FZD genes in
common carp, we speculate that the ancestral gene was likely capable of performing all
functions and was expressed broadly, while some descendant duplicate genes only performed
partial functions and were specifically expressed at certain stages of development.
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