Associate Professor | Associate Professor

Address: King Abdul Aziz University Hospital College of Medicine King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia P.O.Box: 245, Postcode: 11411

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Bio: 
Ghulam Mohammad is Associate Professor in the Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine at the King Saud University. He received a Ph.D. degree in biochemistry from the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India and completed his postdoctoral fellowship from Kressge Eye Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. Dr. Mohammad's research on Matrix metalloproteinases and High-mobility group box-1 protein, in diabetic retinopathy has contributed very important information, necessary for a thorough understanding of the molecular causes of vision impairment in the early stages of diabetic retinopathy. His major theme of research is to elucidate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involve in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy/ neuropathy. His research has been supported by National Plan for science, technology and innovation, "Twinning" program ( Bascom Palmer Eye Institute-KSU) and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)

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Ghulam Mohammad, MSc, PhD

Associate Professor

Department of Ophthalmology

Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University

Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.

Email Id: mghulam@ksu.edu.sa

Acedmic Qualification:
PhD (2005-2008)    Biochemistry     Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India 
Post Doctoral  (2008-2011)     Diabetic retinopathy Wayne state University, Detroit, MI, USA   

Honors/Awards
•         Research Fellowship and pre-doctoral grant from Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - National Eligibility Test (CSIR-NET) (2005-2008).
•         Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) – For Life Sciences (2005-National level, Percentile score: 96.89

 Ongoing funded Projects:

 Ø  Role of circulating bone marrow -derived stem cells in retinal angiogenesis.

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Role of MMP-9 in retinal angiogenesis and the early stages of vacular inflammation in diabetic animals.

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Interaction between activated retinal endothelial cells and fibroblasts in the development of fibrovascular proliferating in diabetic retinopathy.

Grant details: Submitted (March 2012 and September 2012 competition) for funding in National Plan for     Science, Technology and Innovation; King Dom of Saudi Arabia. (12 MED 2604-02)

 Title:

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The role of High-mobility group box 1 protein in the development of Diabetic retinopathy 

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The role of Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 9 in the development of diabetic retinopathy

PUBLICATIONS IN PEER REVIEWED JOURNALS

List of Publications:

  1. Association of High-mobility Group Box-1 with Oxidative Stress Markers and Regulators in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Alam K, Marta G R, Ahmad A, Siddiquei MM, Mohammad G, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Opdenakker G, and Simó R. Mol Vis., accepted 18July 2017.
  2. Osteoprotegerin Is a New Regulator of Inflammation and Angiogenesis in Proliferative DiabeticRetinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Struyf S, Mohammad G, Gouwy M, Rytinx P, Siddiquei MM, Hernández C, Alam K, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Opdenakker G, Simó R. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 Jun 1;58(7):3189-3201. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-20993.[ PMID: 28654984].
  3. Differential expression and localization of human tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Ahmad A, Bittoun E, Siddiquei MM, Mohammad G, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Opdenakker G.  Acta Ophthalmol. 2017 Apr 9. doi: 10.1111/aos.13451. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 28391660.
  4. Extracellular 9 matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is a potential biomarker of angiogenesis in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Ahmed A, Alam K, Siddiquei MM, Mohammad G, Hertogh G,  Mousa A,  Opdenakker G. Acta Ophthalmol. 2016 Sept 13, doi: 10.1111/aos.13284 (PMID: 27860331).
  5. Myeloid-related protein-14/MRP-14/S100A9/calgranulin B is associated with inflammation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM,  Alam K, Siddiquei MM, Mohammad G, Hertogh G,  Mousa A,  Opdenakker G. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2016 October 4 (PMID: 27849448).
  6. High-Mobility Group Box-1 Protein Mediates the Regulation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 in the Diabetic Retina and in Human Retinal Müller Cells. Mohammad G, Jomar D, Siddiquei MM, Alam K, Abu El-Asrar AM. Ophthalmic Res. 2016 Aug 25(PMID: 27560926).
  7. High-mobility group box-1 regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in diabetic retina Mohammad G, Siddiquei MM , Nawaz MI,  Alam K, Mousa A, Abu El-Asrar AM. Journal: Int J Clin Exp Pathol.2016 January, 9 (2), 828-840.
  8. Upregulation of Thrombin/Matrix Metalloproteinase-1/Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Chain in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Alam K, Nawaz MI, Mohammad G, Van den Eynde K, Siddiquei MM, Mousa A, Hertogh G, Opdenakker G. Curr Eye Res. 2016 Jun 3:1-11(PMID: 27261371).
  9. Coexpression of heparanase activity, cathepsin L, tissue factor, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, and MMP-9 in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Siddiquei MM, Nawaz MI, De Hertogh G, Mohammad G, Alam K, Mousa A, Opdenakker G. Mol Vis. 2016 Apr 30;22:424-35. eCollection 2016 (PMID: 27168718).
  10. Upregulated Expression of Heparanase in the Vitreous of Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Originates From Activated Endothelial Cells and Leukocytes. Abu El-Asrar AM, Alam K, Nawaz MI, Mohammad G, Van den Eynde K, Siddiquei MM, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Geboes K, Opdenakker G. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Dec;56(13):8239-47 (PMID: 26720478).
  11. Mutual Enhancement Between High-Mobility Group Box-1 And NADPH Oxidase-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Mediates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation Of Retinal Apoptotic Markers. Mohammad G*, Alam K, Nawaz MI, Siddiquei MM, Abu El-Asrar AM. J Physiol Biochem. 2015 Sep;71(3):359-72. PMID: 26040511.
  12. Upregulated Expression of Heparanase in the Vitreous of Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Originates From Activated Endothelial Cells and Leukocytes. Abu El-Asrar AM, Alam K, Nawaz MI, Mohammad G, Van den Eynde K, Siddiquei MM, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Geboes K, Opdenakker G. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Dec 1;56(13):8239-47. 
  13. Tiam1-Rac1 axis promotes activation of p38 MAP kinase in the development of diabetic retinopathy: Evidence for a requisite role for protein palmitoylation. Veluthakal R,  Kumar B, Mohammad G, Kowluru RA, Kowluru A. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015;36(1):208-20. doi: 10.1159/000374065. Epub 2015 Apr 30. (3.55 Impact Factor). PMID: 25967961
  14. The Chemokine Platelet factor-4 variant (PF-4var)/CXCL4L1 Inhibits Diabetes-induced Blood-retinal Barrier Breakdown. Abu El-Asrar AM, Mohammad G, Nawaz MI, Abdelsaid M, Siddiquei MM, Alam K, Van den Eynde K, De Hertogh G, Opdenakker G, Al-Shabrawey M, Van Damme J, Struyf S. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015 Feb 24. pii: IOVS-14-16144. doi: 10.1167/iovs.14-16144. (3.6 Impact Factor). PMID: 25711636.
  15. The tumor necrosis factor superfamily members TWEAK, TNFSF15 and fibroblast growth factor inducible protein 14 are upregulated in proliferativediabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, De Hertogh G, Al-Kharashi AS, Van den Eynde K, Mohammad G, Geboes K. Ophthalmic Res. 2015;53(3):122-30. (1.6 Impact Factor)   PMID: 25676319
  16. Expression of bioactive lysophospholipids and processing enzymes in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, Mohammad G, Siddiquei MM, Alam K, Opdenakker G. Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Dec 11;13(1):187. (2.6 Impact Factor) PMID: 25496321
  17. Role of high-mobility group box-1 protein in disruption of vascular barriers and regulation of leukocyte–endothelial interactions. Nawaz MI and Mohammad G*. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2015 Aug;35(4):340-5. (2.6 Impact Factor) PMID: 26482025.
  18. High-mobility group box-1 modulates the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic signaling pathways in diabetic retina Abu El-Asrar AM, Mohammad G, Nawaz MI, Siddiquei MM. Curr Eye Res. 2014 Dec 11:1-12. (1.76 Impact Factor). PMID: 25495026.
  19. S100A4 is upregulated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and correlates with markers of angiogenesis and fibrogenesis. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, De Hertogh G, Al-Kharashi AS, Van den Eynde K, Mohammad G, Geboes K, Opdenakker G. Molecular Vision 2014; 20:1209-1224. (2.9 Impact Factor). PMID: 25253987.
  20. Functional links between gelatinase B/matrix metalloproteinase-9 and prominin-1/CD133 in diabeticretinal vasculopathy and neuropathy. Mohammad G, Vandooren J, Siddiquei MM, Martens E, Abu El-Asrar AM, Opdenakker G. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2014 Jul 28. pii: S1350-9462(14)00042-1. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.07.002. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 25080402. (11.2 Impact Factor).
  21. The Angiogenic Biomarker Endocan is Upregulated in Proliferative  Diabetic  Retinopathy and Correlates with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, De Hertogh G, Al-Kharashi AS, Van den Eynde K, Mohammad G, Geboes K. Curr Eye Res. 2014 May 28:1-11. PMID: 24871583. (1.76 Impact Factor).
  22. TIAM1-RAC1 signalling axis-mediated activation of NADPH oxidase-2 initiates mitochondrial damage in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Kowluru RA, Kowluru A, Veluthakal R, Mohammad G, Syed I, Santos JM, Mishra M. Diabetologia. 2014 May;57(5):1047-56. doi: 10.1007/s00125-014-3194-z. PMID: 24554007. (7.06 Impact Factor)
  23. The proinflammatory cytokine high-mobility group box-1 mediates retinal neuropathy induced by diabetes. Abu El-Asrar AM, Siddiquei MM, Nawaz MI, Geboes K, Mohammad G. Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:746415. doi: 10.1155/2014/746415. Epub 2014 Mar 10.PMID: 24733965. (3.88 Impact Factor)
  24. Cellular mechanisms of high mobility group 1 (HMGB-1) protein action in the diabetic retinopathy. Santos AR, Dvoriantchikova G, Li Y, Mohammad G, Abu El-Asrar AM, Wen R, Ivanov D. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 31;9(1):e87574. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087574.PMID: 24498140. (4.06 Impact Factor)
  25. Neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Abu El-Asrar AM, Mohammad G, De Hertogh G, Nawaz MI, Van Den Eynde K, Siddiquei MM, Struyf S, Opdenakker G, Geboes K. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 7;8(6):e65472. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065472. Print 2013.PMID:23762379.(4.06 Impact Factor)
  26. Expression of lysophosphatidic acid, autotaxin and acylglycerol kinase as biomarkers in diabeticretinopathy.Abu El-Asrar AM, Mohammad G, Nawaz MI, Siddiquei MM, Kangave D, Opdenakker G. Acta Diabetol. 2013 Jun;50(3):363-71. doi: 0.1007/s00592-012-0422-1. .PMID: 22864860. (4.25 Impact Factor)
  27. Autocrine CCL2, CXCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL10 signal in retinal endothelial cells and are enhanced indiabetic retinopathy.Nawaz MI, Van Raemdonck K, Mohammad G, Kangave D, Van Damme J, Abu El-Asrar AM, Struyf S. Exp Eye Res. 2013 Apr;109:67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2013.01.008.PMID:23352833. (3.06 Impact Factor)
  28. High-mobility group box-1 protein activates inflammatory signaling pathway components and disrupts retinal vascular-barrier in the diabetic retina. Mohammad G*, Siddiquei MM, Othman A, Al-Shabrawey M, Abu El-Asrar AM. Exp Eye Res. 2013 Feb;107:101-9. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.12.009. PMID: 23261684. (3.06 Impact Factor)
  29. New developments in the pathophysiology and management of diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Midena E, Al-Shabrawey M, Mohammad G*. J Diabetes Res. 2013;2013:424258. doi: 10.1155/2013/424258.PMID: 24392456.(3.56 Impact Factor)
  30. The ERK1/2 Inhibitor U0126 Attenuates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation of MMP-9 and Biomarkers of Inflammation in the Retina. Mohammad G*, Mairaj Siddiquei M, Imtiaz Nawaz M, Abu El-Asrar AM. J Diabetes Res. 2013;2013:658548. doi: 10.1155/2013/658548. PMID:23671886 (3.56 Impact Factor)
  31. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase mediates diabetes-induced retinal neuropathy. Mohammad G*, Siddiquei MM, Abu El-Asrar AM. Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:510451. doi: 10.1155/2013/510451. PMID: 24347828. (3.88 Impact Factor)
  32. High-mobility group box-1 induces decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated neuroprotection in the diabetic retina. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, Siddiquei MM, Al-Kharashi AS, Kangave D, Mohammad G. Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:863036. doi: 10.1155/2013/863036. PMID: 23766563 (3.88 Impact Factor)
  33. Relationship between vitreous levels of matrix metalloproteinases and vascular endothelial growth factor in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Mohammad G, Nawaz MI, Siddiquei MM, Van den Eynde K, Mousa A, De Hertogh G, Opdenakker G. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 31;8(12):e85857. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085857. eCollection 2013.PMID: 24392031. (4.06 Impact Factor)
  34. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Mohammad G*, Siddiquei MM. J Ocul Biol Dis Infor. 2012 Jul 6;5(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s12177-012-9091-0. PMID: 23833698. (0.6 Impact Factor)
  35. Diabetic retinopathy and signaling mechanism for activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Mohammad G, Kowluru RA. J Cell Physiol. 2012 Mar;227(3):1052-61. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22822. PMID: 21567393. (4.22 Impact Factor) 
  36. High-mobility group box-1 and endothelial cell angiogenic markers in the vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Abu El-Asrar AM, Nawaz MI, Kangave D, Abouammoh M, Mohammad G. Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:697489. doi: 10.1155/2012/697489. PMID: 23118492. (3.88 Impact Factor)
  37. Abrogation of MMP-9 gene protects against the development of retinopathy in  diabetic mice by preventing mitochondrial damage. Kowluru RA, Mohammad G, dos Santos JM, Zhong Q. Diabetes. 2011 Nov;60(11):3023-33. doi: 10.2337/db11-0816. PMID: 21933988 ((8.16 Impact Factor)
  38. Novel role of mitochondrial matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the development of  diabetic retinopathy. Mohammad G, Kowluru RA. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Jun 1;52(6):3832-41. doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6368. PMID: 21345984. (3.66 Impact Factor)
  39. Interleukin-1β and mitochondria damage, and the development of diabetic  retinopathy. Kowluru RA, Mohammad G, Santos JM, Tewari S, Zhong Q.J Ocul Biol Dis Infor. 2011 Jun;4(1-2):3-9. doi: 10.1007/s12177-011-9074-6. PMID: 23272269 (0.6 Impact Factor)
  40. The role of Raf-1 kinase in diabetic retinopathy. Mohammad G, Kowluru RA. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2011 Apr;15(4):357-64. doi: 0.1517/14728222.2011.553604. PMID: 21254925. (5.3 Impact Factor)
  41. Diabetic retinopathy, superoxide damage and antioxidants. Santos JM, Mohammad G, Zhong Q, Kowluru RA. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2011 Mar 1;12(3):352-61. PMID: 20939803. (3.45 Impact Factor)
  42. Role of mitochondrial DNA damage in the development of diabetic retinopathy, and the metabolic memory phenomenon associated with its progression. Madsen-Bouterse SA, Mohammad G, Kanwar M, Kowluru RA. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Sep 15;13(6):797-805. doi: 10.1089/ars.2009.2932. PMID: 20088705(8.56 Impact Factor)
  43. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the development of diabetic retinopathy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mohammad G, Kowluru RA. Lab Invest. 2010 Sep;90(9):1365-72. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2010.89. PMID: 20479714 (4.06 Impact Factor)
  44. Oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA in diabetes and its protection by manganese superoxide dismutase. Madsen-Bouterse SA, Zhong Q, Mohammad G, Ho YS, Kowluru RA. Free Radic Res. 2010 Mar;44(3):313-21. doi: 10.3109/10715760903494168. PMID: 20088710. (3.38 Impact Factor)
  45. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in retinal microvasculature: implications for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Madsen-Bouterse S, Mohammad G, Kowluru RA. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Mar;51(3):1765-72. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4171. Epub 2009 Oct 29. PMID: 19875652 (3.5 Impact Factor)
  46. Angiogenesis in Granulation Tissue of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Wound. Mohammad G*,Vaibhav V, Pandey H P, Tripathi K, Msalati A A. Asian J. Exp. Sci., 2009; 23, 567-573.
  47. Antioxidant properties of some Nanoparticle may Enhance Wound Healing in T2DM Patients. Mohammad G*, Mishra V K, Pandey H P. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 2008; 3:159-162. (1.73 Impact Factor)
  48. Diabetic wound healing and it’s angiogenesis with special Reference to nanoparticles. Mohammad G*, Pandey H P, Tripathi K. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures.2008; 3:203-208. (1.73 Impact Factor)
  49. Immunomodulation and anticancer potentials of Yogurt probiotic. Mishra V K, Mohammad G, Jha A. Experimental and Clinical Sciemces, 2008; 7:177-184. (2.00 Impact Factor)
  50. Down regulation of telomerase activity may enhanced by Nanoparticle mediated curcumin delivery. Mishra V K, Mohammad G, Mishra S K. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, 2008; 3:163-169. (1.73 Impact Factor).
Abstracts / Presentations

 

  • Ghulam Mohammad,Varun Kesharvani, H.P.Pandey 2007, Role of free radicals in mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in diabetic wound of human.    33rd Indian Immunology Society Conference, New Delhi, India (Oral and poster presentation)
  • Ghulam Mohammad and Renu A Kowluru 2009. Diabetic Retinopathy and MMP-2: Mitochondrial dysfunction and retinal capillary cell apoptosis. Post doc poster competition, Wayne State University, Detroit. USA 

 

  • Ghulam Mohammad, Renu A Kowluru 2010. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Diabetic Retinopathy: Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2. Poster Presentation May 2-6, 2010, ARVO, Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

 

  • Ghulam Mohammad, Renu A Kowluru Inhibition of MMP9 Protects the Development of Retinopathy in Diabetic Mice Via Ameliorating Mitochondria Dysfunction. Poster Presentation May 1-5, 2011, ARVO, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. USA 

 

  • Ghulam Mohammad, 2013 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 regulates angiogenic and vasculogenic factors in diabetic retina. Poster Presentation May 08, 2013, ARVO, Seattle, USA Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 54 (15), 4600-4600

 

  • A Novel Role of High Mobility Group Box-1 in The Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy. Ahmed Abu El-Asrar, Ghulam Mohammad, Mohammad Mairaj Siddiquei, Amira Othman, Georagia and Mohamed Al-Shabrawey. 20 - February 27th-28th and March 1st 2014, 12th International Ocular Inflammation Society Congress, Valencia (Spain) 19.

 

  • Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Destroys Prominin-1/Cd133 In Diabetes-Induced Retinal Vasculopathy And Neuropathy. Oral Presentation, Ghulam Mohammad, Saudi Ophthalmology 2014 – Abstract Number: 610, Saudi Arab

 

  • High-mobility group box-1 modulates the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic signaling pathways in diabetic retina.Ghulam Mohammad. Poster Presentation May 08, 2014, ARVO, Orlando, USA. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 55 (13), 1036-1036.

 

  • Platelet factor-4 variant (CXCL4L1/PF-4var) antagonizes VEGF functions and inhibits diabetes-induced blood-retinal barrier breakdown. Poster Presentation Feb 28, 2015, Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Charleston, USA.

 

  • Mutual Enhancement Between High-Mobility Group Box-1 And NADPH Oxidase-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Mediates Diabetes-Induced Upregulation Of Retinal Apoptotic Markers. Ghulam Mohammad. European Association for Vision and Eye Research (EVER) Congress. Nice, France (7-10 Oct. 2015). Invited Speaker.

 

Book Chapter

 
Ghulam Mohammad (2016). High-Mobility Group Box-1 Protein a Potential Inflammatory Biomarker in Diabetic Retinopathy, Role of Biomarkers in Medicine, Prof. Mu Wang (Ed.), InTech, DOI: 10.5772/62524. Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/role-of-biomarkers-in-medicine/high-mobi...