Performance Study of Economical and Environmentally Friendly Geocast Routing in Vehicular Networks

Journal Article

• المجلة \ الصحيفة: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
• رقم العدد: 8
• رقم الإصدار السنوي: 64
• الصفحات: 3783 – 3789

مستخلص المنشور

Economical and environmentally friendly geocast (EEFG) uses traffic signals to communicate with approaching vehicles. The communication can be signal-to-vehicle (TLS2V) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V). Based on the information sent, the vehicle receiving the message adapts its speed to a recommended speed (SR), which helps the vehicle reduce fuel consumption and emissions. Our previous paper entitled “Optimization of Fuel Cost and Emissions Using V2V Communications” develops a model to determine the optimum SR. It also proposes heuristic expressions to compute the optimum or near-optimum SR. This paper validates by simulation the applicability of EEFG in real-life scenarios based on actual measurements of traffic data. It shows the impact of using EEFG in a modeled real-world network in the city of Waterloo, ON, Canada, considering four case studies: 1) a suburban environment at the peak hour; 2) a suburban environment at the least busy hour; 3) an urban environment at the peak hour; and 4) an urban environment at the least busy hour. The results show that EEFG saves fuel and CO2 emissions in all four cases, where Case 3 has the most saving (up to 8%). In TLS2V, the optimization and heuristic expressions give the same SR results. However, the results might slightly differ (≤ 1%) if V2V is involved. In addition, the paper studies the effect of communication parameters on fuel and emissions. Having high transmission range, low packet delay, and low packet loss can save more fuel and emissions.