BCH 471 Blood Biochemistry

List of Topics

 
Introductions to the fluids of the body and their distribution; interstitial, intracellular and extracellular
 

 
Blood; Its function, physical properties and composition: blood cells, plasma, serum, blood parameters: CBC, red cell indices; hematocrite; erythrocyte sedimentation rate and its significance.
 

 
Blood plasma; its normal composition and variation in disease states
Plasma proteins: types (albumin, α1, α2, β1, β2, γ-globulins and fibrinogen); functions, biosynthesis; abnormalities, variation in different diseases; liver diseases, kidney diseases; multiple myeloma.
 

Plasma lipoproteins
Plasma enzymes
 

White blood cells, types, and structure, function and abnormalities; leukemia and other neoplasia.
 
 
 

Platelets; Blood coagulation pathways and homeostasis; disorders of blood clotting. Vitamin K deficiency; hemophilia

Blood formation: erythropoiesis; requirements; erythropoietin regulation; disorders of blood formation
Erythrocytes: structure and composition; erythrocyte membrane and cytoskeleton; advantage and disadvantage of anucleated cells
 

Red cell metabolism; glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway; importance of glutathione; G6PDH deficiency and other enzyme deficiency and other enzyme deficiencies affecting red cell metabolism
Erythrocyte hemolysis; heme degradation and bilirubin formation: conjugation and excretion of bilirubin; Jaundice and its types
 

Hemoglobin: structure and function allosteric protein. O2 binding and effect of different factors on oxygen binding: cooperative effect bohr's effect; biosynthesis of hemoglobin and its requirements; types of hemoglobin; variation in hemoglobin types during development (ontogeny)

Blood groups and blood transfusion; ABO, Rh, and duffy blood groups

Anaemias: definition and types. Acquired and genetic anaemias; iron deficiency anaemia; aplastic anaemia; sickle cell anaemia; thalassaemias; G-6-PD deficiency; polycythaemia