Abstract.- Insect haemocytes belong to different categories that carry out various immune functions in larvae and adults. Survey of their studies in different orders of insects would help and suggest that discrepancy in their nomenclature is based on the individual description of their shapes and metabolic contents and the same would be resolved by putting up their characteristics and features together to name different types of haemocytes consistently. Basically, there are three basic forms, prohaemocytes, plasmatocytes and granular haemocytes forming the bulk of the population.

Abstract: Pyxinia firma has not previously been recorded in the mid gut of the larvae of scavenger beetle Dermestes vulpinus. Infected larvae of the scavenger beetles were investigated in order to determine the effects of their infection by the eugregarine, Pyxinia firma. Infected larvae were found to have higher total haemocyte counts and greater weight gain than uninfected ones. Infected larvae that were starved, however, lost weight much faster than uninfected larvae.

Abstract Invasive species are capable of causing considerable damage to natural ecosystems, agriculture and economies throughout the World. Samsum ant, Brachyponera (Pachycondyla) sennaarensis has been a reason for medical implication and social nuisance through its poisonous and severely painful sting causing anaphylactic shock in many cases. We surveyed for the presence of the samsum ant in various provinces of Saudi Arabia. B. sennaarensis was the abundant Ponerinae species in human settlements.

Abstract Cellular defences are accomplished by haemocyte-mediated responses such as phagocytosis and encapsulation. This review describes the current knowledge regarding cellular immune responses of insects of different orders at developmental stages of larvae, pupae and adults, emphasizing studies on different phylogenic groups of insects. Insect haemocytes originally evolved from mesodermally-derived stem cells that differentiated into specific cell lines, which are identified based on their forms, functions and molecular markers.

Abstract