Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) application melted

barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) spherical

nanoparticle capsids. Synergistic therapeutic effects for

plant virus resistance were induced by interaction with

binding units of prepared AuNPs in a water solution which

was characterized and evaluated by zeta sizer, zeta potential

and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The

yield of purified nanoparticles of BYDV-PAV was

obtained from Hordeum vulgare (Barley) cultivars, local