Alpha amylase (E.C. 3.2.1.1) is one of the most important starch-degrading enzymes and widely applied in pharmaceutical, food, feed, detergent, textile and bio refinery industries. The present work was focused on optimization of -amylase production using the bacteria strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in submerged cultivation system. The results

Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens is non-pathogenic gram positive bacteria isolated from kefir grains and able to produce extracellular exopolysaccharides named kefiran. This polysaccharide contains approximately equal amounts of glucose and galactose. Kefiran has wide applications in pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, an approach has been extensively studied to increase kefiran production for pharmaceutical application in industrial scale. The present work aims to maximize kefiran production through the optimization of medium composition and production in semi industrial scale bioreactor.

The emergence of a large number of antimicrobialresistant organisms is a cause for concern. Nature is historically the source of drugs; indeed a considerable number of drugs have been developed from microorganisms, and are now used daily in the treatment of infectious diseases. However, the introduction to the pharmaceutical market of new therapeutic molecules has decreased during the last two decades. In this review, the genus Micromonospora is proposed as a biofactory for production of new antibiotics.