يتناول المقرر ظروف قيام الدولة الأيوبية  ودور صلاح الدين في توحيد الجبهة الاسلامية ضد الصليبيين حتى قيام دولة المماليك
كما يتناول المقرر قيام دولة المماليك ودورها في  مواجهة الصليبيين والمغول وأوضاع الدولة الداخلية وعلاقاتها الخارجية .
 أ- معرفة الأحداث التي سبقيت تكوين الدولة الأيوبية في مصر والشام
ب- إبراز جهود صلاح الدين الأيوبي في توحيد الجبهة الاسلامية واسترجاع بيت المقدس من الصليبيين .

Lab 1

Voltage, current, power, Energy, Resistance, Ohm’s Law and Series DC Network, Series and Parallel Networks, Current Sources, (Voltage Kirchhoff Law), (Current Kirchhoff Law), Mesh Theorem and Nodal Theorem, DC Network Theorem: (Superposition) and (Thevenin’s), DC Network Theorem (Norton’s) and (Maximum Power Transfer), Sinusoidal (AC) Waveform, Resistance, Inductance and Capacitance in AC Networks, Phasors and Complex Numbers, Series and Parallel in AC Networks, Mesh Theorem and Nodal Theorem, AC Network Theorem: (Superposition) and (Thevenin’s), AC Network Theorem (Norton’s) and (Maximum P

Introduction to power  systems and system components, Series impedance  of transmission lines, Shunt capacitance of transmission lines, Modelling and analysis of short, medium and long lines, Reactive compensation and performance characteristics of transmission lines, Introduction to underground cables, Per unit calculations method, Insulators for power lines, Distribution systems, Grounding systems, Surges in high voltage systems and system protection.
 
 
Recommended Textbook and references:

Transmission lines: time and space dependence of signals, line parameters, input impedance, use as circuit elements, reflection coefficient, standing wave ratio, transient behavior.  Impedance matching: transformers, stubs, analysis using the Smith Chart. Maxwell's and wave equations. Electromagnetic waves: TEM, TE, TM propagation.  Waveguides: basic equations, parallel plate guide, rectangular guide.  Introduction to antennas. Applications to communications and radar systems.