Geographical distribution of animals. Environmental balance. The importance of animals in the ecological balance. The importance of preserving fungal animals. Causes of extinction of living organisms. Ways to preserve wildlife. Role of local and international organizations in conservation of living organisms. Legislation and systems for the protection of wildlife (locally and globally). Animals in the Arabian Peninsula (vertebrates and invertebrates). Current Status of the Kingdom's Wildlife. Endangered species. Natural Reserves in the Kingdom. Wildlife Management.