In this paper, we propose an Extended-LEACH protocol that integrates an efficient multi-hop routing scheme in distributed clustering algorithms. In addition to energy saving, Extended-LEACH solves the issue of isolated cluster head nodes. The latter appear especially when distributed clustering protocols are deployed in wide wireless sensor networks. In contrast to some earlier work, Extended-LEACH allows both cluster head and non-cluster head nodes to appear in multi-hop routing paths. Such a choice enhances the network connectivity and improves the delivery of aggregated data packets.

Vehicle mobility in presence of obstructing obstacle is one of the main problems limiting the deployment of vehicular ad hoc networks. Indeed, in such a highly dynamic network, underlying routing protocols struggle to find valid routes towards destination nodes. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of Cartography Enhanced OLSR with obstacle awareness protocol (CE-OLSR-OA) as well as Position based OLSR (P-OLSR) and OLSR with movement prediction (OLSR-MOPR) routing protocols in the context of an urban VANET with obstructing obstacles.

Host and network mobility support mechanisms aim to provide a seamless access to Internet while end users are changing their point of attachment.When a mobile entity roams from a network to another, a handover occurs causing communication session discontinuity degrading real-time application performance. Assuming that such inconvenience is a congestion, TCP recovery is slow and careful. We have previously proposed a cooperation between TCP and MIPv6 and proved its efficiency through OMNeT++ simulations. In this paper, We study its efficiency in the context of mobile networks.