The Saudi population nearly doubled during the last two decades, rising from 152 million in 1990 to 292 million in 2012, with an average growth rate around 3 The Saudi labor market has undergone tremendous change in the first decade of the 21st century High youth participation and high levels of expatriate workers lead to a depressing of levels of average wages, lower productivity and potentially high unemployment levels years to come With national population increase and unemployment among Saudis hovering around 12 (largely among youth and women), the labor Ministry faces various challenge