The active constituent profile in Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) juice was determined by GC-MS. Quercetin and
kaempferol were active components in the juice. In this study we have evaluated its potential protective effect on hepatic injury
and fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Twenty-eight rats divided into 4 groups: Group I served as control group, and
Group II received weekly i.p. injection of 2mL CCl4/kg bwt for 12 weeks. Group III were supplemented with Physalis juice via the

Abstract The present study was carried out to investigate the
protective effect of Physalis peruviana L. (family Solanaceae)
against cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Adult male
Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1
was used as control. Group 2 was intraperitoneally injected
with 6.5 mg/kg bwt of cadmium chloride for 5 days. Group 3
was treated with 200 mg/kg bwt of methanolic extract of
Physalis (MEPh). Group 4 was pretreated with MEPh 1 h
before cadmium for 5 days. Cadmium treatment induced

Abstract: Four genes which encode the enzymes of ß-carotene in the epiphytic bacteria Erwinia uredovora have
been designated as crtE, crtB, crtI and crtY. These genes were cloned in Eschershia coli BL21 and located on a
4467-bp fragment whose nuclotide sequence was determined. E. coli does not naturally synthesize carotenoids but,
by using the carotenogenic genes recombinant strains accumulated ß-carotene where the four genes were expressed
as follows: farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) crtE geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) crtB phytoene crtI lycopene crtY

Abstract
Background: Pomegranate fruit has been extensively used as a natural medicine in many cultures. The present
study was aimed at evaluating the protective effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice against carbon
tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress and testes injury in adult Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty eight Wistar albino male rats were divided equally into 4 groups for the assessment of protective
potential of pomegranate juice. Rats of group I (control) received only vehicles and had free access to food and

Abstract: Bacterial infections of cutaneous leishmaniasis cause skin ulcers on mice, resulting in
increased tissue deterioration, and these infections can be controlled with liquid allicin. To isolate and
identify the incidences of real secondary bacterial infections in mice, we performed the current
study by injecting mice (n = 50) with Leishmania major. L. major infections were initiated by
an intramuscular injection of 0.1 mL Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI 1640 media/mouse

Abstract
Background
Leishmania is a unicellular protozoan parasite that produces several human diseases, ranging
from localized self-healing cutaneous lesions to deadly visceral infections.
Objective
The effect of allicin on the growth of Leishmania major (L. major) promastigotes was evaluated
under in vitro conditions. Moreover, the efficacy of a topical allicin cream was examined
in BALB/c (Bagg albino, laboratory-bred strain of the House Mouse) mice with

Vaccine improvement depends on the formulation, adjuvant type and inactivant used. The type of formulation may interfere with immunogenicity. The present work aimed to evaluate the inactivation activity and related immune potential of the Cobra venom-derived LAO enzyme compared to the currently used inactivants (BPL and formalin) for both animal and human vaccines. The RVF virus was completely inactivated within 6 hrs, 4 hrs and 2 hrs after treatment with Formalin, LAO and BPL, respectively.

Context • Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer
fatalities among women worldwide. Of the more than
80% of patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy,
approximately 40% relapse. The majority of these patients
die of disseminated metastatic disease, which emphasizes
the need for new therapeutic strategies
Objective • The study intended to investigate the anticancer
effects of oleuropein (OL) and doxorubicin (DOX)
individually and in combination on breast tumor xenografts
and also to evaluate the molecular pathways involved.

This study investigated the protective effect of Fragaria ananassa methanolic extract on
cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. CdCl2 was intraperitoneally injected at
a dose of 6.5 mg/kg of body weight for 5 days with or without methanol extract of Fragaria
ananassa (250 mg/kg). The hepatic cadmium concentration, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide,
glutathione content and antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, catalase,
glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, were estimated. CdCl2 injection induced a