Biological and microbiological activities of isolated Enterobacter sp. ACD2 exopolysaccharides from Tabuk Region of Saudi Arabia
Helal, Mikhlid H. Almutairi, Mohamed M. . 2020
Several forms of bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have been reported as having industrial and medicalbenefits. Previously, our group had achieved a high yield of EPS production (8.6 gm/L) fromEnterobactersp. isolated from the marine environment of Haqel Beach, in the Tabuk region of Saudi Arabia, by opti-mizing its culture conditions. Then, the strain selected was identified using conventional methods andconfirmed by molecular characterization that used 16S Ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing. Inthe present study, we determined the composition of this EPS and evaluated its anticoagulation, fibri-nolytic, antimicrobial, and prebiotic activities. We determined the monosaccharide moieties of this EPSusing acid hydrolysis by qualitative and quantitative paper chromatography (PC). The monosaccharidecomposition of this EPS was almost 25% glucose, 25% galactose, 40% fucose, in addition to 10% uronic acid,with traces of fructose. Sulfation modification was applied to the EPS produced. The biological and micro-biological (anticoagulation, fibrinolytic, antimicrobial, and prebiotic) activities of both the native and sul-fated EPS were investigated and both exhibited higher antibacterial activity againstStaphyllococcusaureusandEscherichia coli, although neither form displayed antifungal activity againstCandida albicans.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the native and sulfated EPS that sustained the highestbacterial inhibition zone was 15 mg/dl. No prebiotic activities were recorded for either EPS. In conclusion,the biopolymer produced has significant biological activities that require further adaptation for practicaland industrial applications.
The tumor suppressor gene TP53 and its downstream genes P21 and MDM2 play crucial roles in combating DNA damage at the G1/S cell cycle checkpoint. Polymorphisms in these genes can lead to the…
Background: Tumor suppresser gene (TP53) and its downstream genes (P21 and MDM2) play crucial roles in the regulation of DNA damage checkpoint (G1/S) of the cell cycle. Genetic polymorphisms in…