المواد الدراسية
Environmental stresses; definitions, sources, types, interactions and effects on plant growth stages (seed germination, vegetative stage, flowering and reproductive stages). Effect of stresses on plant physiological process (water and minerals...
Water properties and functions. Aqueous solutions and measuring concentration. Plant cell water relations. Water potential and its components. The importance of water in plants. Water in soil and plants. Root growth and functions. Absorption...
Plant cell structure and functions. Plant cell water relations. Photosynthesis and respiration (photo and thermo chemical reactions, analysis photosynthetic pathways of C3, C4 and Crassulacean acid metabolism [CAM] and the effect of environmental...