Green approach for the effective reduction of graphene oxide using Salvadora persica L. root (Miswak).

Journal Article

مستخلص المنشور

Recently, green reduction of graphene oxide (GRO) using various natural materials, including plant extracts, has
drawn significant attention among the scientific community. These methods are sustainable, low cost, and are
more environmentally friendly than other standard methods of reduction. Herein, we report a facile and eco-friendly
method for the bioreduction of GRO using Salvadora persica L. (S. persica L.) roots (miswak) extract as a bioreductant.
The as-prepared highly reduced graphene oxide (SP-HRG) was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD),
ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray
photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Various results have confirmed
that the biomolecules present in the root extract of miswak not only act as a bioreductant but also functionalize
the surface of SP-HRG by acting as a capping ligand to stabilize it in water and other solvents. The dispersion
quality of SP-HRG in deionized water was investigated in detail by preparing different samples of SP-HRG with
increasing concentration of root extract. Furthermore, the dispersibility of SP-HRG was also compared with chemically
reduced graphene oxide (CRG). The developed eco-friendly method for the reduction of GRO could provide a
better substitute for a large-scale production of dispersant-free graphene and graphene-based materials for various
applications in both technological and biological fields such as electronics, nanomedicine, and bionic materials.