Cells constantly adapt to external humoral cues like cytokines and hormones, but practically most cellular behavior is under locally guided control via cell-cell interactions. Galectins (Gals) are one of the most prominent members of the group of molecules involved in this intercellular signaling. They are the family of β-galactoside specific lectins and consist of 15 different types, each with a specific function. They play crucial role in the immune system, inflammation, wound healing and carcinogenesis.

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the research progress of Gulf Cooperation Council countries in science and social sciences.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, fromJune 2014 to February 2015.All research documents related to the 1996-2013 period having
an affiliation with Gulf Cooperation Council countries, including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar,

Background and Objective: Since ancient times, honey has been used due to its nutritional
and therapeutic value. The role of honey has been acknowledged in the scientific literature
however, its use has been controversially discussed and has not been well accepted in modern
medicine especially for diabetic patients. This study aimed to investigate the role of honey in
diabetic patients.
Methods: In this study, we identified 107 research articles from data based search engines

ABSTRACT
Background & Objective: Professionalism has a number of culturally specific elements, therefore, it
is imperative to identify areas of congruence and variations in the behaviors in which professionalism
is understood in different countries. This study aimed to explore and compare the recommendation of
sanctions by medical students of College of Medicine, King Saud University (KSU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and
students from three medical colleges in Egypt.

ABSTRACT
Background: Medical Professionalism is recognized as a cultural construct. We explore perceptions of the severity of lapses in professionalism of undergraduate medical students at two medical schools with different cultural contexts.
Methods: Respondents from two medical schools (Saudi Arabia & UK) recommended sanctions for the first time, unmitigated lapses in academic professionalism, using the Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory 1: Academic Integrity.

Abstract

Abstract
Professionalism is a priority for the medical students, physicians and medical educators because it is an important component of medicine's contract with society. The authors wish to share the experience of the operationalization of current teaching, learning and assessment tools of professionalism course. The authors also desired to share proposal as a future direction.

Background: Medical professionalism is an essential aspect of medical education and practice worldwide and it
must be adopted according to different social and cultural contexts. We examined the current congruence and
variance in the perception of professionalism in undergraduate medical students and faculty members in one
medical school in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: The target population was first year to final year medical students of College of Medicine, King Saud