Organic halides (IUPAC nomenclature, Physical properties, Synthesis, Grignard reagents, Nucleophilic substitution SN1, SN2. E1, E2 mechanism). IUPAC nomenclature, Classification, Physical properties, Synthesis, Reactions of the following organic classes: Alcohols and Thiols; Ethers, Epoxides and Sulphides; Phenols, Aldehydes and Ketones; Carboxylic acids and Their Derivatives, Amines.

الهاليدات العضوية - الكحولات والايثرات والفينولات - الالدهيدات والكيتونات  - الحموض الكربوكسيلية ومشتقاتها - الأمينات

Physical and chemical factors that affect the stability of polymers, as well as the mechanisms of polymer decomposition. Chemical and physical methods used to improve the stability of polymers against the various factors and, in particular climatic factors and deteriora
العوامل الفيزيائية والكيميائية التي تؤثر على ثباتية البوليمرات، وكذلك آليات تحلل البوليمر . الطرق الكيميائية والفيزيائية المستخدمة لتحسين ثباتية المواد المتبلمرة ضد العوامل المختلفة وعلى وجه الخصوص العوامل المناخية وعوامل القدم.

Methods and technologies of polymerization reactions and the factors affecting them. Preparation of copolymers and means of controlling their structure with a special focus on the types of stimuli and methods of their preparation, their role and their important industrial applications in polymers preparation. The interactions related to function groups linked to polymer chains

Introduction: (Carbon Compounds), Chemical Bonds (ionic, Covalent), Atomic and Molecular orbitals, Hybridization, Polarity and Inductive effect, Alkanes, Cycloalkanes (Alkyl groups, IUPAC nomenclature, Physical properties, Sources off, Synthesis. Reactions(Combustion, Halgenation, Ring opening. Configuration, Cyclohexanes, Alkenes and Alkynes(IUPAC nomenclature, Physical properties, Synthesis (Dehydrohalogenation, from vicinal dihalides, Dehydration of alcohols).

Bonding and Chemical structure - nomenclature, classification, properties and methods of preparation and reactions of both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons - organic halides - alcohols, ethers, phenols - aldehydes and ketones - amines - carboxylic acids and their derivatives – fats and oils – carbohydrates