In this introductory course, students should study the following topics: characteristics and advantages of the database management systems (DBMS), database concepts and architecture; data models, database schemes and instances, DBMS and the concept of program-data independence, database languages and interfaces, database models, relational data model and relational algebra, relational model constraints; domains, keys, and integrity constraints, the structured query language (SQL); data definition, queries, update, statements, and views in SQL, database design; functional