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The synergistic effect of ultrasonic activation and irrigation on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm

Aim: The aim of this investigation was to compare the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with either 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or saline, with that of conventional syringe irrigation on intraradicular Enterococcus faecalis biofilm. Materials and Methods: Biofilms of E. faecalis were established over 21 days in 80 single roots that had undergone biomechanical preparation followed by gamma radiation. Biofilms were treated for 1 min with 2.5% NaOCl/PUI (Group 1), 2.5% NaOCl (Group 2), sterile saline/PUI (Group 3), and sterile saline (Group 4).

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Development of Drama

This course begins by highlighting drama as the oldest artistic form. It provides students with a chronological survey of the development of drama as an art form, and its relation to society from the ancient Greek period, through the Renaissance, down to the Restoration Period. It also provides a study of representative plays which will be considered in terms of the dramatic movements they represent.

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الصفحات

اشترك ب KSU Faculty آر.إس.إس