240 Chem

 
Module Description
Introduction(Carbon Compounds, Chemical Bonds(ionic, Covalent), Atomic and Molecular orbitals, Hybridization, Polarity and Inductive effect),  Alkanes, Cycloalkanes(Alkyl groups, IUPAC nomenclature, Physical properties, Sources off, Synthesis. Reactions(Combustion, Halgenation, Ring opening). Configuration, cyclohexanes,  Alkenes and Alkynes(IUPAC nomenclature, Physical properties, Synthesis (Dehydrohalogenation, from vicinal dihalides, Dehydration of alcohols). Reactions(Acidity of terminal alkynes, Addition  reactions(Reduction, Halogenation, Addition of HX – Markovnikov rule, Carbonium ions and their stability, Reaction mechanism), Addition in the presence of peroxides,  Hydration, Halohydrin formation),  Oxidation of Alkenes(KMnO4, Peroxides and Ozonolysis),  Conjugated Dienes( Allyl radical and stability, Allyl cation, 1,3-Butadiene-electron delocalization, Resonance and the Stability of conjugated dienes, 1,4-Addition and 1,4-Cycloaddition reactions of diene),   Stereochemistry( Structural isomers  and  Stereoisomerism, Enantiomers, Diastereomers  and Chirality, D and L, The R-S system, Resolution, Molecules with more than one chiral carbon, Reactions of chiral molecules: Inversion , Racemization),  Aromatic Compound(Aromaic character, Hukel rule, Nomenlature, Electrophilic substitution reactions(Alkylation, Acylation, Halogenatio, Sulphonation, Nitration; reaction mechanism), Side chain halogenation and oxidation, Reactivity and Orientation in substituted benzene,  Polynuclear aromatics).
Module Aims

• Learning the basic concepts of the followings: definition of the organic chemistry, importance and general properties of organic compounds, chemical bonding and hybridization, polarity of the bonds, classification of the hydrocarbons.
• Learning the basis of nomenclature, physical properties, synthesis, and reactions of the following organic classes: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons
• Learning the stereochemistry including conformational isomers, geometric isomers, and optical isomers.
• Learning the following mechanisms: Substitution by radicals, elimination, Electrophilic addition and Electrophilic substitution
• The ability of search and communications through the internet.

The Book / Organic chemistry: A short course     Harold Hart, David J. Hart and Leslie E. Craine   1995