Elemental Composition of PM2.5 Aerosol in a Residential–Industrial Area of a Mediterranean Megacity
Abd‑Elkader, Omar H. . 2019
Very little is known about the elemental composition and possible sources of fine aerosol particles from Mediterranean
megacities. Fine aerosol particles were collected at a residential-industrial area in Greater Cairo, Egypt, during the period
from October 2010 to May 2011. The elemental compositions of the collected samples were quantified by using a homemade
energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, whereas black carbon was quantified by a black smoke detector.
Fifteen elements have been quantified. Of these constituents, Ca, C, Cl, S, and Fe had the highest concentrations: greater than
1 μg m−3. The overall mean mass concentration of the collected samples equals 70 μg m−3; this value exceeds the European
Union annual Air Quality Standard levels. The individual elemental concentrations of the fine particles were found to be
dominated by elements linked to mineral dust. Most of the monthly variations of elemental concentrations can be attributed
to seasonal meteorological conditions. Other possible sources were vehicle-exhaust and industrial activities. The results
pinpoint the problem of identifying different sources when one source, in this case, the nearby deserts, is dominant. The
results from this study contribute to the growing knowledge of concentrations, composition, and possible sources of ambient
fine particulate matter.
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Very little is known about the elemental composition and possible sources of fine aerosol particles from Mediterranean
megacities. Fine aerosol particles were collected at a residential-…
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